Improved fan-shaped sail



NTED STATES WILLIAM H. MALLORY, oF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVD FAN-SHAPED SAIL.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 36.099, dated August 5, 1862.

erence being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in Which- Figure l is a front elevation of a mast having applied to it a sail constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2 exhibits a top view of the yard and spars of the sail and horizontal section of the mast. Fig. 3 exhibits a side view of the mast and truss and transverse section of the yard, on a larger scale than Figs. l and 2. Fig. 4 is a front view of the truss on the same scale as Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is a top view corresponding with Fig. 4..

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

This invention consistsin an improved construction of truss vfor attaching a fan-sail to the mast; aud,further, in a novel combination of a yard, truss, and swinging arms for spreading the sail.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

A is the mast, and B a yard attached to the mast by a truss, C. The yard B is of substantially similar form and construction to those commonly used in square-rigged vessels.

The truss C is composed of two collars, aa',

a socket, b, attached to the lower collar, a',

two arches,c c, standing up from the said socket and attached to the upper collar, a, and two plates, d d, standing up from the top of the socket within the arches c c. The collars a a iit to turn upon a metal band, f, which surrounds and is secured to the mast, the lower collar, a', resting upon a flange, f at the bottom of the band f. The socket b receives and holds the yard at the middle of the length thereof, the yard being firmly secured therein.

D D are swinging arms by which the sail is spread and furled or reefed, made or" iron or of wood with iron ends, and of a length about or nearly equal to that of the arms of the yard B. These arms, of which there are six represented-viz., three on each side of the sail, but of which there may be any number, half on one side and half on the other side of the sail-pass between the arches c c of the truss and enter between the plates d d thereof, and are pivoted to the said plates by pins e e, passing through them and through the plates. The outer ends of these armsy are provided with eyes g g for the reception ofthe lines or chains E F E F, through which the furling, reefing, and spreading the sail is effected.

The sail G G is divided in the middle and each half is nearly of the form of one-fourth of a regular polygon, having a number of sides equal to twice the whole number of the swinging arms. One of the longer sides of each half G of the sail is attached by suitable means to one arm of the yard B, and the other longer side to one of the two uppermost swinging arms 'D D, and the other swinging arms are secured to their respective portions ofthe sail opposite to the angles of the outer edge of the latter.

The two lines or chains E F E F, one for each side or half of thev sail, are attached securely to the outer ends of the two uppermost swinging arms and rove through the eyes g g at the outer ends of the `other swinging arms belonging to their respective sides of the sail and eyes h h at the ends of the yards B and through loops n n,fastened at short distances vapart to the outer edges of the sail. lThe portions E F of these lines or chains pass upward from the upper swinging arms through blocks 'attached at i i to a collar, k, tted to the mast above the sail, and thencedown to the deck', and the portions E F of the said lines pass from the eyes h h. under the yard to blocks attachedto the mast at Z, and thence down to the deck.

Fig. 1 of the drawings shows the right side of the sail `fully spread and the left side as almost completely furled. The movement of each part G of the sailA in being spread and furled or reefed resembles that of the opening and closing of a fan, and though not about one center is about centers e e not far distant from each other. The spreading of the sail is effected by a movement toward the mast and the reeng or furling by a movement toward the yard. Each half G of the sail can be worked separately, or both maybe worked together. The spreading is effected by hauling on the portions E E of the lines or chains and letting out the portions F F, and the furling by hauling on the portions F F and letting out the portions E E. Tackles may be applied to E E and F F to increase the purchase, though, being applied at the extremities of the swinging arms D D, the power required to operate the sail is not great. The reeiing of the sail is effected by hauling on F F till the first or second swinging arm comes down .upon the yard, the reefed portion of the sail being brought close to the yard. f When the sail is furled, it lies close down upon the top of the yard, where it may be protected'by shields attached to the yard and truss for the purpose.

There may be interposed between every two swinging arms D D, and between the lower of said arms and the yard, shorter arms swinging in the same manner and having the sail attached to them. These short arms serve to stiffen and strengthen the sails, and cause a still more uniform distribution of the strain upon it than is obtained by the long arms D D alone.

What I claim as my invention, and desire toA W. H. MALLORY.

Witnesses:

OoTAVIUs KNIGHT, JAMES M. GRIDLY. 

